๐Ÿ”Newton's Method Root Calculator

Enter f(x) and a starting value for the root, iteration table and convergence

Polynomials only. Use x, ^, digits, + and -, up to degree 10. The derivative is found automatically.

How to use the Newton's method calculator

Newton's method finds a solution numerically when no closed formula exists. It draws the tangent line at the current point, takes where that line meets the x-axis as the next candidate, and repeats xโ‚™โ‚Šโ‚ = xโ‚™ โˆ’ f(xโ‚™)/f'(xโ‚™). Enter a polynomial for f(x) and a starting value xโ‚€, and the tool derives f'(x) automatically before running the iteration.

The important part is that the method does not always succeed. A derivative near zero makes the division blow up, so this calculator stops and explains itself when |f'(xโ‚™)| falls below 1e-14. A poor starting value can also oscillate between two points or diverge, so the run is capped at 50 iterations; if |xโ‚™โ‚Šโ‚ โˆ’ xโ‚™| < 1e-10 is not met within that limit, the result is reported as not converged.

The output shows f(x) and its derivative in standard form, whether the run converged, the approximate root, f at that root, the iterations used, and both the tolerance and the iteration cap. The table below keeps xโ‚™, f(xโ‚™) and the next candidate xโ‚™โ‚Šโ‚ for every step so you can watch the convergence. Intermediate values are never rounded; full precision is carried through and only the display is cut to 10 significant digits. Polynomials are supported, while trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential functions are not.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does Newton's method work?

It draws the tangent line at the current point and takes where that line crosses the x-axis as the next candidate, repeating xโ‚™โ‚Šโ‚ = xโ‚™ โˆ’ f(xโ‚™)/f'(xโ‚™). Near a root it converges very quickly.

Why does it sometimes fail to converge?

If the derivative is near zero the division blows up, and a poor starting value can oscillate between two points or diverge. This tool stops after 50 iterations and says so in the result.

Which functions are supported?

Polynomials only, because the derivative can then be read straight off the coefficients. Expressions with sin, log, exponentials or parentheses are not supported.